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临床用药研究2025年第1卷第1期第1-6页,pISSN 3105-6741、eISSN 3105-675X 发布者:Quest Press 发布日期:2026/4/16
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基于多维度超声联合技术诊断克罗恩病肛瘘效果的 Meta 分析


段鑫星,李春兰,刘容,张旭,林姣

1.湖南中医药大学第二附属医院,湖南长沙,410000;2.浙江省宁波市象山县第三人民医院,浙江宁波,315700;3.湖南省职业病防治院(南华大学附属职业病防治院),湖南长沙,410021

摘要:目的:系统评价经会阴超声(Transvaginalultrasound,TPUS)、经直肠腔内超声(Transrectalendoscopicultrasound,TRUS)、三维超声(Three-dimensionalultrasound,3D-TRUS)及其联合方案对克罗恩病(Crohn'sdisease,CD)合并肛瘘(Analfistula,PF)的诊断效能,为临床影像学路径选择提供循证依据。方法:通过计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据以及维普数据库,收集自建库至2025年3月发表的关于超声方法(如经会阴超声、经直肠超声、三维超声等)评估克罗恩病合并肛瘘的诊断性研究。由两名研究者独立筛选文献、提取数据,并采用QUADAS-2工具进行方法学质量评价。使用Stata18.0软件,以诊断优势比(Diagnosticoddsratio,DOR)、敏感性、特异性及其95%置信区间为效应量进行合并分析。结果:共纳入9项研究,涉及患者1126例,肛瘘病灶1532处。Meta分析结果显示,经会阴超声联合经直肠超声的综合诊断效能最高,合并敏感度为0.91(95%CI:0.85-0.95),特异度为0.89(95%CI:0.82-0.94),DOR为85.42(95%CI:42.17-173.05)。单纯经直肠超声的敏感度为0.87(95%CI:0.80-0.92),特异度为0.83(95%CI:0.76-0.89)。三维超声在瘘管走行及内口显示方面具有优势。研究间存在中度异质性(I2=67.3%),亚组分析提示异质性与超声技术类型、参考标准及患者疾病活动度有关。发表偏倚检验未见显著偏倚。结论:当前证据表明,经会阴超声联合经直肠超声在克罗恩病合并肛瘘的诊断中具有较高的准确性,尤其是对复杂瘘管评估具有重要价值。三维超声可作为补充手段提升解剖细节显示。建议结合临床具体情况综合选择超声检查策略,以优化诊疗流程。

关健词:克罗恩病;肛瘘;超声检查;Meta 分析
A Meta-analysis on the Diagnostic Effect of Multi-Dimensional Ultrasound Combined Technology for Crohn's Disease Anal Fistula

Xinxing Duan,Chunlan Li,Rong Liu,Xu Zhang

1.Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha,Hunan 41140;2.Third People's Hospital of Xiangshan County,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315700;3 .Hunan Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital (Affiliated Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital of South China University of Technology),Changsha,Hunan 410021

Abstract:Objective:To systematically evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of transperineal ultrasound (TPUS),transrectal endoscopic ultrasound (TRUS),three-dimensional ultrasound (3D-TRUS),and their combined schemes for Crohn's disease(CD)complicated with anal fistula (PF),and to provide evidence-based guidance for the selection of imaging pathways in clinical practice. Methods:Through computer retrieval of CNKI,Wanfang Data,and VIP databases,studieson the assessment of Crohn's disease complicated with anal fistula using ultrasound methods (such as transperineal ultrasound,transrectal ultrasound,three-dimensional ultrasound,etc.)published from the establishment of the database to March 2025 were collected. Two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted data,and evaluated the methodological quality using the QUADAS-2 tool. Using Stata 18.0 software,meta-analysis was conducted to combine the effect sizes of diagnostic odds ratio (DOR),sensitivity,specificity,and their 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total of 9 studies were included,involving 1126 patients and 1532 fistula lesions. The meta-analysis results showed that the combined diagnostic efficacy of transperineal ultrasound and transrectal ultrasound was the highest,with a combined sensitivity of 0.91(95% CI:0.85-0.95),specificity of 0.89(95% CI:0.82-0.94),and DOR of 85.42(95% CI:42.17-173.05). The sensitivity of simple transrectal ultrasound was 0.87(95% CI:0.80-0.92),and the specificity was 0.83 (95% CI:0.76-0.89). Three-dimensional ultrasound had advantages in the display of fistula tract and internal orifice. There was moderate heterogeneity(I2= 67.3%)among the studies,and subgroup analysis suggested that heterogeneity was related to ultrasound technique type,reference standard,and patient disease activity. Publication bias test did not show significant bias. Conclusion:Current evidence indicates that transperineal ultrasound combined with transrectal ultrasound has high accuracy in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease complicated with anal fistula,especially for the assessment of complex fistulas. Three-dimensional ultrasound can be used as a supplementary method to improve the display of anatomical details. It is recommended to combine clinical to comprehensively select ultrasound examination strategies to optimize the diagnosis and treatment process.


Keywords : Crohn's disease;anal fistula;ultrasound examination;Meta-analysis


参考文献
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